Subject Code & Name: TT25C02 – Characteristics of Textile Fibres
Regulation: R-2025
Semester: III (Third Semester)
Branch: B.Tech. Textile Technology (Textile)
Credits / L-T-P: 4 Credits | L-T-P: 3-0-2
Course Objectives
- To enable the students to learn the structure, morphology and physical characteristics of textile fibres.
Full Unit-wise Syllabus
Unit I – Structure and Properties of Fibres
Study of morphological structures of fibers; physical properties of fibres; identification of fibres and blend analysis; order and disorder in the fibre structure; molecular conformations – planar zig-zag, helical, lamellar and spherulite conformations.
Practical: 1. Identification of natural, regenerated and synthetic fibres 2. Determination of denier of synthetic fibres 3. Determination of the blend proportion of binary and tertiary blends
Activities: Collection and classification of fibres, build the models for various conformations of polymer chain, solving of GATE questions.
Unit II – Moisture Characteristics
Theories of moisture sorption; moisture absorption behavior of natural and man-made fibres; determination of moisture regain; influence of fibre structure, humidity and temperature on the moisture absorption; conditioning of fibres – mechanism of conditioning and factors influencing conditioning; moisture diffusion in fibres; heat of sorption – integral and differential, their relation; factors influencing heat of sorption; measurement of heat of sorption
Practical: Determination of moisture regain and moisture content of fibres.
Activities: RH measurement using wet and dry bulb, solving of GATE questions.
Unit III – Tensile and Elongation Characteristics
Tensile characteristics – strength, elongation, work of rupture, initial modulus, work factor, yield point and determination of yield point; stress-strain relations of natural and man-made fibres; influence of fibre structure, humidity and temperature on tensile characteristics; time effects- study of creep phenomena; elastic recovery and its relation to stress and strain of fibres; mechanical conditioning of fibres and its influence on elastic recovery; load cycling and extension cycling-their effect on properties; introduction about torsional and flexural rigidity of fibres
Practical: Analysis of stress strain graph and determination of yield point for various fibres.
Activities: determination and comparison of various fibres for work of rupture, specific stress, modulus, specific strain from the stress-strain graph, solving of GATE questions
Unit IV – Optical, Frictional, And Thermal Characteristics
Reflexion and lustre - objective and subjective methods of measurement; refractive index and its measurement; birefringence, factors influencing birefringence; absorption and dichroism; friction – static, limiting and kinetic friction, its measurement, comparison of fibres, directional friction in wool; thermal properties of fibres – thermal conductivity, thermal expansion and contraction, first and second order transition temperatures; static electricity in textile fibres.
Practical: Analysis of thermal conductivity, thermal expansion and contraction of various fibres.
Activities: comparison of specific heat, thermal conductivity and resistivity of various fibres from the graph, solving of GATE questions.
Unit V – Structure Investigation Techniques
Transmission and Scanning electron microscopes, X - ray diffractometer, Thermo Gravimetric Analyser, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrometer - principle and analysis of fibres; dichroism techniques; chemical element and end group analysis; molecular orientation – estimation methods.
Practical: Analysis of TGA and DSC thermograms of various fibres.
Activities: comparison of Tg, melting and crystallinity of various fibres and suggestions for applications, solving of GATE questions.
Course Outcomes (COs)
- CO1: Understand the structure, morphology, and properties of textile fibres.
- CO2: Apply knowledge of moisture properties to assess fibre performance under different environmental and processing conditions.
- CO3: Analyze the tensile, elongation, optical, thermal, and frictional characteristics of fibres in relation to their performance and applications.
- CO4: Evaluate fibre structural characteristics and select suitable fibres for specific textile and industrial applications.
Assessment Pattern (Quick Note)
- Weightage: Continuous Assessment 50% | End Semester Examinations 50%
Source: Official Anna University – B.Tech. Textile Technology R-2025 Curriculum
Last Updated: September 2026
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