MV25402 Hydraulics and Fluid Machinery – Semester IV – Marine – R-2025

Subject Code & Name: MV25402 – Hydraulics and Fluid Machinery

Regulation: R-2025

Semester: IV (Fourth Semester)

Branch: B.E. Marine Engineering (Marine)

Credits / L-T-P: 4 Credits | L-T-P: 3-0-2

Course Objectives

• The course provides an understanding of fluid properties, statics, and flow behavior, and their application in analyzing pipe flow, energy losses, and stability of floating bodies.
• It also enables evaluation of the performance and characteristics of pumps and hydraulic turbines.

Full Unit-wise Syllabus

Unit I – Properties of Fluids & Fluid Statics

Properties of fluids, Pascal’s Law, Absolute pressure and gauge pressure, Manometers - Single column manometer, U-tube manometer and Differential manometer. Variation of fluid pressure with depth, Total force due to liquid pressure on immersed plane surfaces - Horizontal surface and Vertical surface. Centre of pressure, Rectangular vertical plane surface and Triangular plane surface with one edge parallel to liquid surface

Practical: Flow Measurement Using Venturi and Orifice Meter

Unit II – Buoyancy and Floatation

Buoyancy, Floatation, Metacentric height, Stability of floating bodies and Stability of submerged bodies

Practical: Metacentric Height-War, Cargo Ship Model.

Unit III – Fluid Kinematics & Fluid Dynamics

Types of fluid flow, Types of flow lines, Rate of flow, Continuity equation, Circulation and vorticity and Types of motion of fluid particles. Euler’s equation of motion, Bernoulli’s equation and applications - Venturi meter, Orifice meter and Pitot tube - Impulse momentum equation, Flow through an orifice, Torricelli’s theorem, Coefficient of velocity, contraction and discharge.

Practical: Calibration of Rotameter.

Unit IV – Flow Through Pipes and Boundary Layer

Reynolds experiment, Rotating viscometer, Navier–Stokes equations of motion, Flow of viscous fluid in circular pipes, Hagen–Poiseuille equation, Darcy–Weisbach equation, Major and minor energy losses, Pipes in series and parallel and Power transmission through pipes. Boundary layer characteristics, Boundary layer thickness, Total drag due to laminar and turbulent layers and Boundary layer separation and its control

Practical: Study of Losses in Pipe Flow - Major Losses

Unit V – Pumps

Dimensional analysis, Buckingham π theorem, Dimensionless numbers in fluid mechanics, Impact of jets on flat plates, curved plates, and pipe bends, Surge pressure and control, Centrifugal pumps - Constructional details,Pump output and efficiencies, Blade diagram, Effect of vane angle, Cavitation, Pump characteristics, Multistage pumps, Vibration and noise in hydraulic pumps and Reciprocating pumps – working principle

Practical: 1. Performance Test on Reciprocating Pump 2. Performance Test on Centrifugal Pump

Unit VI – Turbines

Classification of hydraulic turbines, Pelton turbine, Francis turbine, Kaplan turbine – working principle, velocity triangles, efficiencies, Draft tube efficiencies, Hydraulic turbine characteristics

Practical: 1. Performance Test on Pelton Wheel Turbine 2. Performance Test on Francis Turbine

Tasks: T1. A ship shows instability during loading – analyze buoyancy and metacentric height to improve stability. T2. A pipeline system experiences high energy losses – evaluate flow conditions and reduce losses. T3. A centrifugal pump shows low efficiency and cavitation – analyze operating conditions and suggest improvements. T4. A hydraulic turbine produces reduced power output – evaluate performance and optimize operating parameters.

Course Outcomes (COs)

• CO1: Explain properties of fluids, fluid statics, buoyancy, and stability of floating and submerged bodies.
• CO2: Apply fluid mechanics principles to analyze fluid flow, pressure, and metacentric height.
• CO3: Analyze flow through pipes, boundary layer behavior, and energy losses in fluid systems.
• CO4: Evaluate performance and characteristics of pumps and hydraulic turbines using engineering principles.

Assessment Pattern (Quick Note)

• Weightage: Continuous Assessment 50% | End Semester Examinations 50%
• Internal methodology: Written Test (40%), Practical (30%), Activity (30%). Practical: Lab Experiments (50%), Tasks (50%) (Each student must complete a minimum of two tasks). Activity: Review of GATE/ESE Questions (10%), Mini Project/ Quiz/ Assignment Programs/ Flipped Class /Seminar Presentation (20%)

Source: Official Anna University – B.E. Marine Engineering R-2025 Syllabus
Last Updated: October 2026