Subject Code & Name: HT25301 – Handloom Weaving Technology
Regulation: R-2025
Semester: III (Third Semester)
Branch: B.Tech. Handloom and Textile Technology (Handloom)
Credits / L-T-P: 4 Credits | L-T-P: 3-0-2
Course Objectives
- To equip students with foundational knowledge and practical skills in handloom weaving, including loom operations, yarn preparation, basic calculations, and fabric structure development.
Full Unit-wise Syllabus
Unit I – Handloom Weaving Preparatory Process
Yarn packages - hanks, cones, cheeses and spools – Characteristics, requirements and uses; Essential characteristic of warp and weft yarn, Preparatory process - Objectives of winding and warping; charka winding - bobbin and pirn, peg warping, vertical warping and sectional warping; objectives and importance of sizing, ingredients used in size mixture for handloom industry and their functions, various forms of sizing- hank sizing and street warp sizing; size recipe for cotton and polyester, common defects during sizing- causes and remedies.
Practical: 1. Practice of winding of yarn on double flanged bobbins and pirns using charka 2. Practice of warping process on peg warping frame 3. Practice of warping process on sectional warping machine
Activities: comparison of salient features of various preparatory machines, solving of GATE questions
Unit II – Handlooms And Shedding Mechanism
Evolution of handlooms, various parts of a handloom and their functions and specifications. Types of handlooms- Throw shuttle handloom, Fly shuttle pit loom and Frame loom; Relationship between type of handloom and their products, passage of warp in frame loom; motions of a handloom; definitions of primary, secondary & auxiliary motions; Types of shed formations– centre closed shed, bottom closed shed, top closed shed, open shed and semi open shed - advantages, disadvantages, shedding mechanism of a handloom using treadles and heald reversing motions – roller system, pulley reversing system and jack and lam rod system
Practical: 1. Drawing sketches of different parts of handlooms with specifications and joining threads by piecing and knotting 2. Study of weave, peg/tie-up plan and loom setting on multi treadle frame loom
Activities: Compare the features of different types of handloom shedding mechanisms. Develop models for various types of shedding mechanism, sketching the mechanisms of various reversing motion
Unit III – Picking, Beat-Up and Secondary Mechanisms of Handloom
Picking mechanism of a handloom, types of shuttles – throw shuttle, fly shuttle and roller shuttle, design and suitability; Beat-up Mechanisms - open shed beat-up, closed shed beat up and crossed shed beat-up in handlooms, different types of reed – bamboo reed, steel reed and all metal steel reed, suitability for various fabrics; let off mechanisms in handlooms – ratchet wheel and pawl, rope and weight, rope-lever and weight; take up mechanisms in handloom – poker rod, ratchet wheel & pawl; auxiliary motions of a handloom – temple motion and terry motion; layout and design of an Industrial handloom weaving unit. handloom dobbies – lattice dobby, barrel dobby and vertical dobby.
Practical: 1. Practice of Drawing–in, denting and gaiting up 2. Development of fabric samples using Plain and its derivatives 3. Development of fabric samples using twill weave and its derivatives
Activities: Compare the features of different types of secondary mechanisms.
Unit IV – Yarn Numbering Systems and Its Conversions
Introduction to numbering of yarns; Indirect system of numbering of yarns – New English cotton, new French, metric, worsted, woollen yorkshire skein, linen, spun silk, Direct system of numbering of yarns – Denier metric, flax/ jute/ hemp, Universal system of yarn numbering – Tex and its derivatives - millitex, kilotex; Determination of conversion factors, Conversion of count of yarn -indirect to indirect, direct to direct, indirect to direct, direct to indirect systems.
Activities: Collection of different yarns and identification of yarn type, deriving constants in yarn numbering system and preparation of table for yarn numbering system.
Unit V – Folded Yarn Count Calculations
Determination of equivalent/resultant count of folded yarns with and without contraction during twisting, costing of folded yarn, average count of warp and combination of different counts.
Activities: Collection of different ply yarns and identification of yarn type, Resultant count calculation for different ply yarns
Unit VI – Reed and Heald Count Calculations
Reed Count - dents per linear space and groups of dents per linear space models, stockport system of reed count - relation between reed counts, number of ends per dent, ends per inch, cloth width, reed width and total number of ends, heald count calculations.
Activities: Reed and heald count calculations for various fabric construction parameters
Course Outcomes (COs)
- CO1: Understand the yarn packages and preparatory processes involved in winding, warping, and sizing.
- CO2: Explain the parts, motions, and mechanisms of handloom operation.
- CO3: Apply yarn numbering systems, reed count, heald count, and related calculations in textile production.
- CO4: Analyze handloom preparatory processes through practical execution and process evaluation.
- CO5: Design woven fabric structures including plain, twill, twill derivatives, and mock leno weaves for specific applications.
Assessment Pattern (Quick Note)
- Weightage: Continuous Assessment 50% | End Semester Examinations 50%
- Internal methodology: Assignment (20%), Quiz (20%), Industrial/ Field visit (20%), Internal Examinations (40%)
Source: Official Anna University – B.Tech. Handloom and Textile Technology R-2025 Curriculum
Last Updated: September 2026
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