GI25402 Electronic Surveying – Semester IV – Geo – R-2025

Subject Code & Name: GI25402 – Electronic Surveying

Regulation: R-2025

Semester: IV (Fourth Semester)

Branch: B.E. Geoinformatics Engineering (Geo)

Credits / L-T-P: 5 Credits | L-T-P: 3-0-4

Course Objectives

• To impart knowledge on the principles, working, and applications of Total Station and GPS/GNSS systems in modern surveying.

Full Unit-wise Syllabus

Unit I – Fundamentals of Total Station and Electromagnetic Waves

Principles of distance measurement – Evolution and components of Total Station – Electro-optical distance measurement – Classification and applications – Comparison with conventional surveying – Electromagnetic waves: properties, frequency, wavelength, velocity – Wave propagation characteristics – Applications of EM waves in surveying – Basics of infrared and laser systems.

Practical: 1. Study of Total Station: Components, setup, temporary adjustments, and basic measurements. 2. Measurement of coordinates, distance, and elevation using Total Station (MLM/REM functions).

Unit II – Atmospheric Corrections and Electro-Optical Systems

Refractive index and influencing parameters – First velocity correction – Atmospheric parameters (temperature, pressure, humidity) – Mean refractive index and total atmospheric correction – Electro- optical and microwave systems: principles and sources of error – Comparison of systems – Care and maintenance – Traversing, trilateration, COGO functions and stakeout operations.

Practical: 1. Traversing and area computation using Total Station (coordinate method). 2. Setting out of simple curve / alignment using Total Station (coordinates and offsets).

Unit III – GPS/GNSS System and Observation Techniques

Basic concepts and history of GPS – Segments of GPS (Space, Control, User) – GNSS, IRNSS, GAGAN – Satellite motion and Kepler’s laws – Geoid and ellipsoid – GPS signal structure – Doppler effect – Anti- spoofing and selective availability – Types of GPS receivers – Static, kinematic and differential positioning techniques.

Practical: 1. Mapping of point, line, and area features using handheld GPS receiver. 2. GPS observation using survey-grade receiver (Static/Differential mode).

Unit IV – GPS Data Processing and Accuracy Analysis

GPS observables: Code and carrier phase – Linear combinations – RINEX format – Cycle slips and ambiguities – Baseline processing – Network adjustment – Parameter estimation – Satellite geometry and dilution of precision (DOP) – Accuracy measures – Applications in engineering surveys.

Practical: 1. Baseline processing and network adjustment using GPS processing software. 2. Accuracy analysis and comparison of Total Station and GPS observations.

Tasks

• Conduct a closed traverse survey using Total Station, compute coordinates and area, and perform stakeout of a simple alignment for application in highway or building layout projects.
• Carry out GPS/GNSS survey to map point, line, and area features, and generate a georeferenced dataset for application in land surveying and GIS-based asset mapping.
• Process GPS observations for baseline and network adjustment, and compare accuracy with Total Station measurements for application in control survey and geodetic accuracy assessment.

Course Outcomes (COs)

• CO1: Explain the principles, components, and applications of Total Station and electromagnetic wave-based distance measurement systems.
• CO2: Analyze atmospheric effects and instrumental errors in electro-optical and microwave systems and apply necessary corrections.
• CO3: Describe the architecture, signal structure, and operational principles of GPS/GNSS systems.
• CO4: Process GPS observations, perform baseline adjustments, and evaluate the accuracy of Total Station and GPS systems for various surveying applications.

Assessment Pattern (Quick Note)

• Weightage: Continuous Assessment 50% | End Semester Examinations 50% Methodology for Continuous Assessment : Quiz (5%), Project (15%), Assignment Programs (25%), Practical (25%), Internal Examinations (30%)

Source: Official Anna University – B.E. Geoinformatics Engineering R-2025 Syllabus
Last Updated: October 2026