Subject Code & Name: EC25C15 – Linear Integrated Circuits
Regulation: R-2025
Semester: IV (Fourth Semester)
Branch: B.E. Electronics Engineering (VLSI) / B.E. Electronics and Computer Engineering (ElecComp)
Credits / L-T-P: 3 Credits | L-T-P: 3-0-0
Course Objectives
- This course focuses on designing high-performance linear integrated circuits and intelligent analogfront-ends for industrial automation and smart products.
- Students will gain hands-on expertise in simulating and prototyping analog modules integrated into Industry 4.0 and cyber-physical systems.
Full Unit-wise Syllabus
Unit I – Basics of Operational Amplifiers
Current mirror and current sources, Current sources as active loads, Voltage sources, Voltage References, BJT Differential amplifier with active loads, Basic information about op-amps – Ideal Operational Amplifier - General operational amplifier stages -and internal circuit diagrams of IC 741, DC and AC performance characteristics, slew rate, Open and closed loop configurations – MOSFET Operational Amplifiers – LF155 and TL082.
Unit II – Applications of Operational Amplifiers
Sign Changer, Scale Changer, Phase Shift Circuits, Voltage Follower, V-to-I and I-to-V converters, adder, subtractor, Instrumentation amplifier, Integrator, Differentiator, Logarithmic amplifier, Antilogarithmic amplifier, Comparators, Schmitt trigger, Precision rectifier, peak detector, clipper and clamper, Low-pass, high-pass and band-pass Butterworth filters.
Unit III – Analog Multiplier and PLL
Analog Multiplier using Emitter Coupled Transistor Pair - Gilbert Multiplier cell – Variable transconductance technique, analog multiplier ICs and their applications, Operation of the basic PLL, Closed loop analysis, Voltage controlled oscillator, Monolithic PLL IC 565, application of PLL for AM detection, FM detection, FSK modulation and demodulation and Frequency synthesizing and clock synchronization
Unit IV – Analog to Digital and Digital to Analog Converters
Analog and Digital Data Conversions, D/A converter – specifications - weighted resistor type, R-2R Ladder type, Voltage Mode and Current-Mode R - 2R Ladder types - switches for D/A converters, high speed sample-and-hold circuits, A/D Converters – specifications; Flash type - Successive Approximation type - Single Slope type – Dual Slope type - A/D Converter using Voltage-to-Time Conversion - Over-sampling A/D Converters, Sigma – Delta converters.
Unit V – Waveform Generators and Special Function ICS
Sine-wave generators, Multivibrators and Triangular wave generator, Saw-tooth wave generator, ICL8038 function generator, Timer IC 555, IC Voltage regulators – Three terminal fixed and adjustable voltage regulators - IC 723 general purpose regulator - Monolithic switching regulator, Low Drop – Out(LDO) Regulators - Switched capacitor filter IC MF10, Frequency to Voltage and Voltage to Frequency converters, Audio Power amplifier, Video Amplifier, Isolation Amplifier, Opto- couplers and fibre optic IC
Course Outcomes (COs)
- CO1: Explain advanced operational amplifier theory, parameters, architectures, and analog front-end design for sensor interfaces.
- CO2: Analyze and design linear IC applications such as filters, amplifiers, and signal conditioning circuits for smart industrial systems.
- CO3: Analyze and design mixed-signal systems including ADCs, DACs, oscillators, and real-time analog-digital interfaces.
- CO4: Develop system-level analog solutions using timers, PLLs, and LIC integration inIndustry 4.0 and cyber-physical systems.
Assessment Pattern (Quick Note)
- Weightage: Continuous Assessment 40% | End Semester Examinations 60%
- Internal methodology: Assignment (20%), Software activity (20%), Quiz (20%), Internal Examinations (40%). Recommended Activities: Competitive Problem-Solving (GATE & Beyond), Hands-On Simulation & Hardware, Collaborative Assignments & Research & Modern Trends
Source: Official Anna University – B.E. Electronics Engineering (VLSI Design and Technology) R-2025 Syllabus
Last Updated: October 2026
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