Subject Code & Name: RI25201 – Sensors and Signal Processing
Regulation: R-2025
Semester: II (Second Semester)
Branch: B.E. Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (RAI)
Credits / L-T-P: 4 Credits | L-T-P: 3-0-2
Course Objectives
- This course covers the basics of measurement systems, different sensors, signal conditioning circuits, and key digital signal processing techniques.
Full Unit-wise Syllabus
Unit I – Measurements and Measuring Systems
Methods of Measurement, Instruments - Classification of Instruments, Functions of instruments and measurement Systems, Elements of a generalized measurement system. Measurement system performance: Static characteristics - Dynamic characteristics.
Practical: Calibration curve and time constants (for sensors: mercury in glass thermometer, bimetal dial thermometer, RTD, thermistor and thermocouple), Seebeck effect for thermocouple.
Activities: Identify and classify 10 measuring instruments from laboratory/industry.
Unit II – Error Analysis
Types of errors, Methods of error analysis, Uncertainty analysis, Statistical analysis, Gaussian error distribution, Chi-Square test, Correlation coefficient, Student's t-test, Method of least square, Curve fitting, Graphical analysis, General consideration in data analysis, Design of Experiment planning.
Practical: Temperature transmitter and its calibration.
Activities: Use Excel/MATLAB to compute uncertainty, correlation coefficient, and perform Student's t-test.
Unit III – Sensors / Transducers
Definition, Types, Basic principle and applications. Potentiometers - Inductance transducers - Capacitance transducers - Piezoelectric transducers - Hall effect transducers - rotary encoders – Accelerometers – Gyroscope. Photo Diode / Photo Transistor as sensors, LVDT, Strain Gauge, Tactile, IR and Ultrasonic sensors. Vision and motion Sensors. Digital transducers: Principle and Construction. Temperature, Flow, velocity, pressure, displacement, position, force and torque measurement.
Practical: Study and calibration of displacement sensors: LVDT and potentiometer, Study of Strain Gauge, Study of accelerometer and gyroscope, Ultrasonic, IR and Hall effect sensor-based proximity and range sensing.
Activities: Prepare a comparative chart of different sensors (principle, range, sensitivity, applications).
Unit IV – Signal Conditioning and Digital Signal Processing
Need for pre-processing, identification of signal conditioning blocks and their characteristics. Analysis of DC and AC bridges. Offset and drift compensation circuits. Introduction to Active filters. First order, Second order and higher order filters. Necessity and applications of isolation amplifiers, Grounding and Shielding. Digital Signal Processing: Discrete Sequences and Systems, Periodic Sampling, Discrete Fourier Transform, Fast Fourier Transform. Analog to digital conversion.
Practical: Analog to digital and digital to analog conversion, Experimentation with Active Filters, Experimentation with DC bridge, Experimentation with AC bridge.
Activities: Design a basic DC or AC bridge circuit and simulate in Multisim/LTspice.
Course Outcomes (COs)
- Course Outcomes (CO table) are not listed in the official B.E. Robotics and Artificial Intelligence R-2025 syllabus extract for RI25201.
Assessment Pattern (Quick Note)
- Weightage: Continuous Assessment 50% | End Semester Examinations 50%
- Internal methodology: Quiz (5%), Project (15%), Assignment (20%), Practical (30%), Internal Examinations (30%)
Source: Official Anna University – B.E. Robotics and Artificial Intelligence R-2025 Syllabus
Last Updated: September 2026
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