Subject Code & Name: PC25201 – Chemistry of Hydrocarbons
Regulation: R-2025
Semester: II (Second Semester)
Branch: B.Tech. Petrochemical Technology (Petrochem)
Credits / L-T-P: 3 Credits | L-T-P: 3-0-0
Course Objectives
- To provide a comprehensive knowledge on atomic structure, electron configuration, and bonding theories of hydrocarbons.
Full Unit-wise Syllabus
Unit I – Basics of Organic Chemistry
Atomic Structure, Electron Configurations, Chemical Bonding, Valence Bond Theory, Hybridisations – sp3, sp2, sp hybridisations, electronegativity, dipole moment, Acids and Bases – The Brønsted–Lowry Theory, The Lewis Theory.
Activity: Virtual demonstration of various theories of acid and bases.
Unit II – Alkane
Hydrocarbon – Definition, General introduction, Source, classification, IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds. Alkanes – Nomenclature, methods of preparation, isomerism, conformation (ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis.
Activity: Seminar presentation on IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds.
Unit III – Alkene
Alkenes – Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene), geometrical isomerism, methods of preparation, physical properties, chemical reactions: addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov's addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition.
Activity: Demonstration of Markovnikov's addition and peroxide effect.
Unit IV – Alkyne and Cyclo-Alkane
Alkynes – Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), methods of preparation, physical properties, chemical reactions: acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water. Cyclo-Paraffin – Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical properties, chemical reactions with halogens.
Activity: Case studies on addition reaction of hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water.
Unit V – Aromatic Hydrocarbon
Aromatic Hydrocarbons Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature, benzene: resonance, aromaticity, chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution. Nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft's alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in mono substituted benzene, carcinogenicity and toxicity.
Activity: Demonstration of Nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft's alkylation.
Course Outcomes (COs)
- CO1: Explain the fundamental concepts of atomic structure, chemical bonding, and acid-base theories.
- CO2: Identify and classify hydrocarbons including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, cycloalkanes, and aromatic compounds based on IUPAC nomenclature and structural features.
- CO3: Illustrate the preparation methods, physical properties, and chemical reactivity of alkanes including their mechanisms.
- CO4: Describe the structure and reactions of alkenes with emphasis on stereochemistry, mechanisms, and regioselectivity.
- CO5: Analyze the resonance, aromaticity, and electrophilic substitution reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons, including orientation effects and toxicity.
Assessment Pattern (Quick Note)
- Weightage: Continuous Assessment 40% | End Semester Examinations 60%
- Internal methodology: Quiz (10%), Assignments (20%), Virtual Practice (20%), Internal Examinations (50%)
Source: Official Anna University – B.Tech. Petrochemical Technology R-2025 Syllabus
Last Updated: September 2026
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