BT25101 Introduction to Biotechnology – Semester I – Biotech – R-2025

Subject Code & Name: BT25101 – Introduction to Biotechnology

Regulation: R-2025

Semester: I (First Semester)

Branch: B.Tech. Biotechnology (Biotech)

Credits / L-T-P: 3 Credits | L-T-P: 2-1-0

Course Objectives

• To provide foundational knowledge on the principles of biotechnology, its historical background, and to enable understanding of the biochemical, clinical, and industrial relevance of biomolecules, diagnostics, and bio waste management.

Full Unit-wise Syllabus

Unit I – Nature of Biotechnology

History and scope, Major scientific discoveries, Biotechnology and developing world, Cell works on solar energy, Bacterially produced acidic preservative, Molds and bacteria in cheese production, Yeast in alcoholic fermentation, Enzyme sources: Amylase in brewing and baking, pectinase in fruit and vegetable juice production.

Activities: Virtual Demonstration of cheese production, vegetable juice production and fermentation process.

Unit II – Vitamins and Nutrition

Classification, fat soluble and water soluble vitamins, Biochemical function; Vitamin A and vision, Rods and cones, colour vision, Vitamin deficiency: vitamin D and Vitamin A, Nutritional importance, Fiber in nutrition, beneficial and adverse effect of fiber, Nutritional disorders : Protein energy metabolism and marasmas.

Activities: Demonstrate to identify different types of vitamins and their sources with suitable examples.

Unit III – Plasma Protein and Hemoglobin

Albumin, functions of albumin, clinical significance of albumin, Globulin : alpha antitrypsin, heptoglobin, transferring, Immunoglobulins, Blood clotting: conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, prothrombin to thrombin, Anticoagulants, Hemoglobin, Hemoglobin derivates, Abnormal haemoglobin; Sickle cell anemia , Thalassemias.

Activities: Demonstration of various tools/techniques used to identify the plasma protein, hemoglobin.

Unit IV – Biotechnology in Health Care

Detection of disease, Diagnosis of pathogenic microbes: Classical and modern methods, Diagnosis using protein and enzyme markers, DNA based diagnosis for infectious diseases: Tuberculosis, Malaria, Diagnosis for genetic disease: Alzheimers disease, cystic fibrosis, Vaccines.

Activities: Interpret biotechnological tools used in medical diagnostics and treatment.

Unit V – Biotechnology for Waste Management

Types of waste biomass, Nature of biomass feedstocks, Solid waste management, Value addition of waste biomass, biomass plant for industrial applications, Biocomposting, Role of microorganisms in composting, Biocompost quality, Perspective of biofuels from wastes.

Activities: Demonstrate understanding of environmental biotechnology for pollution control.

Course Outcomes (COs)

• CO1: Explain the fundamentals of biotechnology in various core fields Engineering.
• CO2: Apply biotechnological tools in medical diagnostics and treatment.
• CO3: Apply the appropriate methods and interpret data in biotechnology applications.

Assessment Pattern (Quick Note)

• Weightage: Continuous Assessment 40% | End Semester Examination 60%
• Internal methodology: Assignments (20%), Quiz (10%), Reviewing of GATE questions (20%), Internal Examinations (50%)

Source: Official Anna University – B.Tech. Biotechnology R-2025 Syllabus
Last Updated: September 2026