BM25C02 Biosciences for Medical Engineering – Semester II – BME / MedElec – R-2025

Subject Code & Name: BM25C02 – Biosciences for Medical Engineering

Regulation: R-2025

Semester: II (Second Semester)

Branch: BME / MedElec

Credits / L-T-P: 4 Credits | L-T-P: 3-0-2

Course Objectives

• To impart knowledge in biosciences by dealing with various aspects of biochemical reactions of biomolecules, importance of immunological defense system in human well-being and influence of microbes in universal system.

Full Unit-wise Syllabus

Unit I – Introduction to Biochemistry

Structure of water and its significance, importance of covalent and noncovalent bonds. Acid- base maintenance and the role of biological buffers in p H maintenance. Henderson- Hasselbalch equation. Disorders associated with acid- base imbalance. Principles of viscosity, surface tension, adsorption, diffusion, osmosis and their contribution in biological systems.

Practical:

1. Preparation of solutions- normality and molar solutions.
2. Preparation of buffer solution.
3. Standardisation of p H meter.

Activities: Case studies on acid-base imbalance.

Unit II – Complex Organic Molecule

Carbohydrates-General classification, structure and functions. Carbohydrate metabolism -glycolysis and hormonal regulation. Lipid-structure and functions. Lipid metabolism- triglyceride formation and degradation. Lipoproteins- chemistry and types. Protein- structure and functions. Abnormalities- Diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and phenylketonuria.

Practical:

1. Estimation of glucose by Orthotolidine method.
2. Estimation of protein by Biuret method.
3. Estimation of cholesterol by Zak’s method.

Activities: Visit to clinical laboratory for automation in clinical analysis.

Unit III – Immunology

Cells and organs of Immune system, innate and adaptive Immunity. Antigenicity, epitopes, antigen presenting cells. Antibody- structure, function and its isotypes. Recombinant antibodies, monoclonal antibodies in cancer treatment and autoimmune disorders. Cell and humoral mediated immunity. Hypersensitivity and its types. Immunotherapeutics and its applications.

Practical:

1. Separation of serum from whole blood.
2. Separation of plasma from whole blood.
3. Agglutination test.

Activities: Poster presentation on immunological diseases.

Unit IV – Microbiology

Microscopy- Principles and working of fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope, Electron Microscopes -TEM and SEM. Microbial culturing, inoculation and culture media, growth curve of microbes, identification of microbes. Staining methods- simple staining, differential staining, acid fast staining, negative staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining.

Practical: Simple and differential staining.

Activities: Case study presentation on differential staining.

Unit V – Pathology

Cell injury-reversible and irreversible, necrosis, apoptosis, intracellular accumulations, cellular adaptations of growth and differentiation-atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, dysplasia, metaplasia. Edema, thrombosis, embolism, Hematological disorders-bleeding disorders, leukemias, lymphomas.

Practical: Hematoxylin and eosin staining.

Activities: Review of research papers on leukemias, lymphomas and its impact on human well-being.

Course Outcomes (COs)

• CO1: Explain the fundamental concepts of biochemistry in various engineering applications.
• CO2: Apply various methods for anlyzing complex organic molecules in human body.
• CO3: Analyze the immune system and physiological condition using various techniques.

Assessment Pattern (Quick Note)

• Weightage: Continuous Assessment 40% | End Semester Examinations 60%
• Internal methodology: Quiz (10%), Assignments (30%), Flipped Class (10%), Internal Examinations (50%)
• Mandated activities with marks: Report Submission on Lab Visit (30), Case Studies (50), Review of GATE & IES questions (20)

Source: Official Anna University – B.E. Biomedical Engineering R-2025 Syllabus
Last Updated: September 2026